Elements of News – In this digital era, news seems to be all-in-one information. If in the past the news only informed about current events or what was called news, now there are various kinds of news elements that contain various themes needed by the wider community.

But unfortunately, along with the development of types and elements of news, there is also a lot of news that is spread in society with data that is less valid or does not match the facts. Of course, this makes the element of news in it seem to be sidelined. The existence of hoax news now is no longer a secret.

In fact, hoax news has made people fall for the false information in it which has made the main news elements neglected. To prevent the public from obtaining hoax news or fake news, the public should understand the meaning and various elements of news. In this article, we will discuss news elements, definitions, and examples.

Definition of News Text

In general, news text can be interpreted as a text that contains various events that occur around the world. Some experts also reveal that this news text can be formed. News texts use various media to publish to readers, ranging from magazines, newspapers, radio, television, or other media innovations.

Etymologically, the word news here comes from Sanskrit, namely vritta which means event or event. Meanwhile, according to the Big Indonesian Dictionary or KBBI, news has the meaning as a report about events or events that are currently hot.

Then, according to Sumadiria, the purpose of having this news element is so that the news is complete, accurate, and meets journalistic technical standards. That means, news must be written using language that is easy for readers, listeners, or viewers to understand.

Basically, the news text is one of the texts in the Indonesian material at school. Where this news text can be understood as a report text that conveys an event, event, and also information that has or is happening.

Even so, news texts are not always conveyed in text form only. Sometimes, news texts are also presented through spoken media, one example is news programs on the internet and television.

Based on Explore Bahasa Indonesia (2019) by Erwan Rachmat, explains that not all events can be made into news. Along with the development of the times, there are several criteria that are believed to be appropriate if an event is worthy to be conveyed to listeners or readers. Several criteria for events that can be made into news include actual or recent events, factual or based on existing facts, important, interesting, and certainly beneficial to society.

For example, we have of course heard about the news of the tsunami disaster that occurred in Aceh in 2004. Criterically, this news has no actual value. Because it happened several years ago, while the second criterion of news is that it must be factual.

In addition, a news story must also be prepared using the 5W + 1H formula. Where the formula is some basic questions which include, what, who, where, why, when, and how. In Indonesian, the 5W + 1H formula is usually referred to as ADIKSIMBA which means what, where, when, who, why and how.

By complying with the three news criteria according to Erwan Rachmat and understanding the elements of the 5W + 1H news, then you can form the structure of the news text. Where the structure of the news text will be very important because it is one of the patterns of developing the news text into a unified whole.

News Text Elements

To be able to fulfill good news, a news item must have complete news text elements. At least, there are six elements of news that can make the news considered informative and can convey information well. The following are some news elements that must be in the news text.

1. Factual

The first news element is factual. That means, the information conveyed in a news story must be real and verifiable. The news conveyed must not be opinion in nature or deceive and provoke the public.

2. Actual

The next element of the news text is actual, where the information to be conveyed must be new or not stale. That means, the events that occurred are being warmly discussed by the public.

3. Balanced

The third element of the news text is that it must be balanced. That means, in a news story, no one can only side with one party.

4. Important Events

The next element of the news text must contain information that is indeed important and needed by the community. In addition, the news conveyed must also be educative. That way, this information can provide knowledge and benefit the community.

5. Complete

In the elements of the news text, it must contain complete news elements, namely 5W + 1H (What, Who, Where, Why, When, How). The following is an explanation of 5W+1H.

a. what

The first element of news is what or what. What or what generally contains names or identities that are or have happened in an event or event.

For example:

The National Police Special Team began carrying out reconstruction related to the alleged premeditated murder of Brigadier J.

b. Who

The second news element is who or whom. Generally, this who contains anyone who is involved in an incident or event in the news text. In addition, who will also generally mention who is the main character who is in the spotlight of the news.

For example:

Director of General Crimes, Criminal Investigation Agency, Polri Inspector General Andi Rian said that Bharada E and Inspector General Ferdy Sambo gave different explanations regarding the shooting of Brigadier J.

c. Where

The next news text element is where or where. Where here states the location or place of occurrence of an event or event in the news text.

For example:

In the reconstruction process carried out at the official residence and private residence of the former Head of the Professional and Security Division (Propam) of the National Police, Inspector General Ferdy Sambo, the five suspects involved in the murder case demonstrated 78 scenes.

d. when

The next news text element is when which contains the time of the event or event that is being or has been reported in the news.

For example:

The sexual violence was allegedly committed on 7 July 2022 in Magelang, when Sambo was in the same city as his wife. This incident then became the trigger for the murder of Brigadier J.

e. Why

The element of the why news text contains the reasons or why the event or event can occur. Where these elements generally include details about the cause of an event that occurred.

For example:

As reported by Kompas.com, Komnas HAM concluded that there was an allegation of sexual violence committed by Brigadier J against Ferdy Sambo’s wife, namely Putri Candrawathi. Beka Ulung Hapsara, Commissioner of the National Human Rights Commission, said this when reading the report on the investigation into the case.

f. How

The news element in the completeness of the last news is how . How here usually contains how the conditions or circumstances of the event or event occurred.

For example:

The incident of sexual violence then became the trigger for the murder of Brigadier J.

6. Attractive

The last element of the news text is that the news must be presented in an attractive way. That means, the language used in the news is formal and easy to understand. That way, the public can easily grasp the intent of the information conveyed by news writers.

Sample News Text

Development of the Sambo Case Investigation Process: Obstruction of Justice

On Tuesday (30/8/2022), the Polri Special Team began carrying out reconstruction related to the alleged premeditated murder case of Brigadier J. In the reconstruction process which was carried out at the official residence and private residence of the former Head of the Professional and Security Division (Propam) Polri Inspector General Ferdy Sambo , the five suspects involved in the murder case demonstrated 78 scenes.

However, the National Commission on Human Rights (Komnas HAM) said that there were differing accounts regarding the shooting incident between Ferdy Sambo and Bharada Richard Eliezer, or better known as Bharada E.

Quoted from Kompas.com, Komnas HAM Chairman Ahmad Taufan Damanik said that there was a difference between FS and Richard, where Richard said that he shot several times, the others were carried out by FS.

However, FS himself did not specifically say that he had participated in the shooting. He just said that he ordered.

The following are some of the latest developments regarding the case of the murder of Brigadier J which occurred on July 8, 2022:

1. There are differences in the descriptions of Sambo and Brarada E

Director of General Crimes, Criminal Investigation Agency, Polri Inspector General Andi Rian said that Bharada E and Inspector General Ferdy Sambo gave different explanations regarding the shooting of Brigadier J.

Even so, the reconstruction continues according to their respective versions and the court will examine the explanations of both.

2. Alleged Violence that Occurred in Magelang

As reported by Kompas.com, Komnas HAM concluded that there was an allegation of sexual violence committed by Brigadier J against Ferdy Sambo’s wife, namely Putri Candrawathi. Beka Ulung Hapsara, Commissioner of the National Human Rights Commission, said this when reading the report on the investigation into the case.

The sexual violence was allegedly committed on 7 July 2022 in Magelang, when Sambo was in the same city as his wife. This incident then became the trigger for the murder of Brigadier J.

However, the police have not been able to reveal the truth of this murder case. There is still work that needs to be done to openly expose this case.

Language Rules of News Text

In this section, we will discuss the language rules of news texts. Before discussing this material in depth, we need to know in advance that the language rules or style of language in news texts are different from other types of texts. The following are some of the language rules of news texts, namely:

1. Use of Standard or Standard Language

The language rules used in news texts are standard or standard language. This is done with the aim of making it easier for many people to understand news texts. This standard language has universal characteristics, so it is suitable for readers. For example, the use of standard and standard language, namely: Thousands of Covid-19 patients have already lined up in the lobby of the athletes’ village.

2. Use of Direct Sentences

In news texts, the use of direct speech is often used to quote statements from sources. This direct sentence can be interpreted as a sentence expressed by someone without changing words or sentences.

One way to quote a direct sentence is to put two double quotation marks followed by a description of the statement. An example of using direct speech is: “We have collected evidence and will then examine it according to the applicable procedures,” said Bripda Suyono.

3. Use of Mental Verbs

Mental verbs or what can be called mental verbs are usually used in news texts. Where this mental verb is a word that can give a person’s response or attitude towards an action. For example, feeling aggrieved, victims of fraudulent investments report to the police.

4. Use of Place and Time Description Functions

In the news text, information related to place and time is one of the most important news elements. The use of this time and place information function must be conveyed clearly to the reader. An example of using the place and time information functions is: On Tuesday (30/8/2022), the National Police Special Team began carrying out reconstruction at the official residence and private residence of the former Head of the Professional and Security Division (Propam) of the National Police, Inspector General Ferdy Sambo.

5. Use of Temporal Conjunctions

The use of temporal conjunctions is also very important in a news text. The temporal conjunction here is also referred to as a conjunction that has a relationship with time.

Some examples of temporal conjunctions include since, then, initially, after, and finally. Examples of using temporal conjunctions include: Initially the perpetrator had run away, but two days later he was arrested at his parents’ residence.

From the explanation above we can conclude that news text is a text that contains information about events that exist in this world and in the form of facts. Currently, news texts can be presented through print and electronic media such as television, radio, and sites on the internet or online media which are currently booming. Certainly, the development of news texts is currently a milestone in the development of the world of information and communication.

News text is also useful for presenting events or information about the occurrence of an event that is or has occurred. The delivery of this news is actually not only in the form of text, but can also be conveyed orally as we usually hear on radio, television, or social media.

This is an explanation of what news is, meaning, elements of news, and also examples. For Grameds who are interested in the world of journalism, the material this time will certainly be very important to learn.

For Grameds who want to know more about other journalistic disciplines, they can read related books by visiting Gramedia.com . To support Grameds in adding insight, Gramedia always provides quality and original books so that Grameds has #MoreWithReading information.

Author: Umm

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